A.Processes :
a.Screening
Screening of the potential donors is done for genetic diseases, chromosomal abnormalities and
sexually transmitted infections that may be transmitted through sperm. The screening procedure
generally also includes a quarantine period, in which the samples are frozen and stored for
at least 6 months after which the donor will be re-tested for the STIs. This is to ensure no
new infections have been acquired or have developed during the period of donation. Providing
the result is negative, the sperm samples can be released from quarantine and used In treatments.
Children conceived through sperm donation have a birth defect rate of almost a fifth compared
with the general population (that is much lesser than the general population)
b.Match the recipient and donor
Essential points matched before insemination is skin color, hair color, eye color, blood group and ethnic origin.
c.Collection
A sperm donor produces and collects sperm at a sperm bank or clinic by masturbation or during sexual
intercourse with the use a collection condom.
d.Preparing the sperm
‘Wash’ the sperm sample to extract sperm from the rest of the material in the semen.
A cryoprotectant semen extender is added if the sperm is to be placed in frozen storage
in liquid nitrogen, and the sample is then frozen in a number of vials or straws. One
sample will be divided into 1-20 vials or straws . Following the necessary quarantine period,
the samples will be thawed and used to inseminate women through artificial insemination or
other ART treatments.
B.Quarantine :
Eggs and sperm, like most human tissues, can carry diseases. Donors are completely tested
for disease at the time of donation. Sperm are held in cryo-storage for six months. At the
end of that time, the donor is retested. If that test proves negative, the gametes are
considered disease-free. We quarantine donated sperm for six months before using it to
fertilize eggs